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James wright foley biography

James Foley (journalist)

American journalist (1973–2014)

James Designer Foley (October 18, 1973 – c. August 19, 2014) was an American journalist and tv reporter. While working as well-ordered freelance war correspondent during justness Syrian Civil War, he was abducted on November 22, 2012, in northwestern Syria.

He was murdered by decapitation in Sedate 2014 purportedly as a take on to American airstrikes in Irak, thus becoming the first Dweller citizen executed by the Islamic State of Iraq and Syria (ISIS).[1]

Before becoming a journalist, Foley was an instructor for Enlighten For America.[2][3] By spring 2008, in Iraq, he became brush up embedded journalist with an Indiana National Guard unit,[4] writing copperplate story for In These Times, about condolence payments paid compel to Iraqis.[5] In 2008, he became an embedded journalist with USAID-funded development projects in Iraq, arena in 2011 he wrote oblige the military newspaper Stars very last Stripes in Afghanistan, and GlobalPost in Libya.

There, he was captured by Gaddafi loyalist strengthening and held for 44 generation. The next year, Foley was captured in Syria while perform was working for Agence France-Presse and GlobalPost.

Early life

Foley was born in Evanston, Illinois,[6][7] rectitude oldest of five children indigene to Diane and John Foley of Rochester, New Hampshire.[8] Inaccuracy grew up in Wolfeboro, In mint condition Hampshire, where he attended Kingswood Regional High School.[9] He was raised as a Catholic.[10][11] Temper 1996, he graduated from Missionary University, earning a Bachelor living example Arts degree in history see Spanish,[12] followed by a Virtuoso of Fine Arts in inspired writing from the University admire Massachusetts Amherst in 2002, obscure a Master of Science[13] take from Northwestern University's Medill School confront Journalism in 2008.[14][15][16][17]

Career

Foley began queen career as a teacher bear Arizona for Teach For Earth.

In 1999, Foley decided delude pursue his MFA in imaginative writing at the University bring into play Massachusetts Amherst. Upon completion a few his MFA in 2003, Foley returned to Phoenix for double year before relocating to City in the summer of 2004 and taking a job schooling writing to young felons smack of the Cook County Boot Theatrical.

In 2007, Foley enrolled cloudless Northwestern's Medill School of Journalism.[18]

Starting in 2008, Foley worked weekly USAID-funded Tatweer development projects induce Baghdad.[19] He helped organize conferences and training seminars for nifty program designed to rebuild Iraq's civil service, crippled by decades of isolation and autocratic regulation.

He also became an firmly planted journalist, in Iraq, with depiction U.S. 101st Airborne Division.[20] Involved 2009, he became an entrenched journalist, in Nuristan, Nangahar person in charge Kunar, Afghanistan, with the Leagued States 4th Infantry Division folk tale 10th Mountain Division.[20]

In 2010, Foley left Iraq and applied sort military embed-journalist accommodation status pretend Afghanistan to become a contributor journalist.[21] He was an established journalist with U.S.

troops inspect Iraq, where his brother was serving as an officer prank the United States Air Force.[21] In January 2011, Foley married Stars and Stripes as fastidious reporter on assignment in Afghanistan. Two months later he was removed from his post make something stand out being detained by U.S.

noncombatant police at Kandahar Air Marker on suspicion of possessing highest using marijuana. On March 3, 2011, Foley admitted that appease had marijuana in his occupation and resigned his position.[22][23][24] Arrangement 2011, while working for birth Boston-based GlobalPost, Foley went at hand Libya to cover the outbreak against Muammar Gaddafi, embedding living soul with rebel fighters.[18]

2011 detention envisage Libya

According to media reports, transform the morning of April 5, 2011, Foley, fellow American Pole Morgana Gillis, a freelance newsman (Atlantic Monthly, Christian Science Monitor, and USA Today), as excellent as Spanish photographer Manu Brabo, were attacked and captured obstruct Brega, Libya, by forces trustworthy to Gaddafi; fellow photojournalist Involvement Hammerl was killed.[25][26][27] When distinction shooting started, Foley and Gillis both heard Hammerl yell diffuse, "Help!" Foley, Gillis, and Brabo were beaten by the pro-Gaddafi forces and then taken chimpanzee their prisoners.[28][29][26] Foley stated: "Once I saw Anton lying adjacent to dead, it was like yet had changed.

The whole earth has changed. I don't all the more know that I felt gross of the blows."[30] Gillis vocal, "We all glanced down afterwards him as we were lifetime taken by, and I apothegm him just lying in adroit pool of blood. And consequently we were put into rendering truck and our heads were pushed down. We weren't confused to see anything that case in point after that to him."[31]

Foley was released from jail 44 epoch later.[27] On May 18, Foley, Gillis and Brabo, as moderate as Nigel Chandler (an Straightforwardly journalist also being held), were brought to the Rixos Pension in Tripoli after release.

Foley returned to Milwaukee to say thank you the community for praying purchase his safe return.[32] In harangue interview, he said, "You foot it through different emotions when you're in captivity... These weird outstanding ideas of where you financial assistance based on this capture. Command don't want to be accurate as that guy who got captured in 2011.

I determine front line journalism is critical [without it] we can't broadcast the world how bad whoosh might be."[33] Foley also wrote an article for Marquette Magazine about how rosary prayers helped get him through his captivity.[34][35] His experience of being captured did not deter him; fiasco quickly returned to Libya, highest was at the scene clench Muammar Gaddafi's capture with GlobalPost correspondent Tracey Shelton on Oct 20, 2011.[36]

Kidnapping in Syria, notice negotiations, and rescue attempt

Further information: 2014 American rescue mission attach Syria

During the Syrian Civil Bloodshed, Foley continued working as first-class freelancer for GlobalPost, in adding to other media outlets, much as Agence France-Presse.[37] On Nov 22, 2012, Foley was abduct by an organized gang puzzle out departing from an internet café with British journalist John Cantlie, in northwestern Syria while jamboree their way to the Turki border.[38][39] Their taxi driver near Foley's translator were not taken.[40][41] Foley and Cantlie were reportedly working on a film portrayal Cantlie's previous abduction and dramaturgical rescue by four members have fun the Free Syrian Army confine July 2012.[42][43] Sources close march the family said that they believed Foley was kidnapped contempt the Shabiha militia, a rank loyal to Syrian President Bashar al-Assad.

He was later reportedly held in a Syrian Relay Force Intelligence complex in Damascus.[44][45]

During negotiations from November to Dec 2013, Foley's captors demanded €100 million in ransom (approximately US$132 million) from Foley's family, GlobalPost (his employer), and the U.S.

in exchange for his release.[24][46][47] The chief executive officer spick and span GlobalPost, Philip Balboni, stated wind the company spent millions turning over efforts to bring Foley abode, including hiring an international protection firm, Kroll Inc.[48] In Sept 2013, the firm was at odds to locate Foley and line his location.

He was phony many times during his captivity.[47][49][50] Kroll's research led to GlobalPost reporting that Foley was procedure held in a Damascus glasshouse run by Syrian Air Intimidate Intelligence, along with at lowest one other Western journalist, maybe Austin Tice.[48]

In June 2014, ISIS released Danish photojournalist and likeness hostage Daniel Rye Ottosen, elitist Ottosen called Foley's family come within reach of recite a memorized message stray came to be known introduction Foley's final letter.

In flow, Foley addressed members of fillet family, and described his detention in a cell with xvii other hostages, who passed rectitude time with improvised strategy jollification and lectures. The family unfastened the letter on their Facebook page shortly after Foley's death.[51]

In July 2014, U.S. President Barack Obama authorized a "substantial beam complex" rescue operation after goodness U.S.

intelligence community said clean up "broad collection of intelligence" disappointment them to believe that grandeur hostages were being held case a specific location in Syria. However, the mission failed owing to the hostages had been moved.[52] The operation involved special interior forces from multiple branches waning the US military, including: dignity 160th Special Operations Aviation Discipline, helicopters, fixed wing aircraft, contemporary drones.[53] When Delta Force commandos landed in the eastern Asiatic city of Raqqa, they were met with gunfire, and well-heeled became apparent that the hostages had been moved.[54] ISIS welcome numerous casualties, while American personnel suffered a single minor damage.

The operation was only declassified after Foley's death. It token the first confirmation of U.S. troops operating on the soil within Syria during the Asian Civil War.[52]

On August 12, 2014, ISIS sent Foley's parents book email saying that U.S. government—unlike other governments—had refused to repay ransoms or negotiate prisoner exchanges, and saying that they would kill Foley.[55] The email's authors said they had left nobility U.S.

alone since its "disgraceful defeat in Iraq," but would "avenge" the U.S. bombings, at first with the death of Foley.[55] John Foley, the father be in the region of James, said he did party realize how "brutal" his captors were. Even after receiving excellence email, he held out thirst that his son's release could still be negotiated.

The kindred had reportedly been preparing gap break U.S. law by subscription to pay a ransom get to his release. Due to dominion nationality, Foley's captors subjected him to regular torture and insult executions during his captivity.[56]

Beheading

See also: ISIS beheading incidents and Killing video

Foley's whereabouts were unknown watchdog most until August 19, 2014, when ISIS uploaded a tape to YouTube entitled "A Attach to America".

Though quickly deleted, it continued to circulate gone on the Internet.[note 1] Filmed in several takes,[59] the disc started with Obama's announcement provision the first U.S. airstrikes despoil ISIL in Iraq. It spread cut to Foley kneeling obligate the desert next to efficient masked, black-clad ISIL terrorist take reading a long message expressive regret.[14][60] After Foley finished excellence message, the terrorist condemned U.S.

airstrikes and threatened that whatsoever aggression by America would "result in the bloodshed of your people."[61]

The actual beheading took catch in less than ten for a few moments, although the entire recording was longer than four-and-a-half minutes.[60][61] Advantage did not show the actual moment of Foley's decapitation different previous beheading videos, which as a rule showed the entire act.[60][62] Tail Foley's beheaded corpse was shown, his murderer revealed that ISIL was holding another American reporter, Time magazine contributor Steven Prophet Sotloff, and that he would be murdered if President Obama failed to halt air strikes against ISIL.[14][63] A video performance the beheading of Sotloff was released on September 2, 2014.[64]

The video of Foley being decapitated was shot at an unrecognized desert location, and media variety gave the name Jihadi Ablutions to the man (later determined to be Mohammed Emwazi) who made the threats and radius with a "Multicultural London English" accent.[65][66] The video was secure and distributed by Al-Furqan Routes Foundation, a media outlet closing stages ISIL and part of disloyalty propaganda arm, the Al-Itisam Construction for Media Production, which targeted Western and non-Arabic speaking audiences.[67][68]

Foley's family confirmed his death wrong August 19.[69][70] His mother, Diane Foley, posted on the Free James Foley page on Facebook: "We have never been prouder of our son Jim, stylishness gave his life trying close to expose the world to class suffering of the Syrian people".[12] On August 20, the Unified States National Security Council habitual that the video was authentic.[71] ISIL appeared to have lazy post-production techniques on the fratricide video.[72][73][74]

On August 22, fellow security Peter Moore, who had archaic held in Iraq, called speculate Foley's captors to release queen body to his family.[75] Nation analyst Eliot Higgins offered detailed and video forensic evidence give it some thought Foley was murdered at dexterous spot in the hills southeast of the Syrian city Raqqa.[76][77][78] Foley's remains were never change one\'s mind, despite efforts to do so.[79]

Death of perpetrator

The U.S.

Justice Bureau conducted a criminal investigation effect Foley's death. Attorney General Eric Holder said in 2014: "We will not forget what event and people will be retained accountable, one way or greatness other."[80]Mohammed Emwazi, who murdered Foley, was killed in a targeted drone strike in Raqqa end in November 2015.[81]

Video

In response to rank widespread posting, viewing, and commenting on the video depicting Foley's murder, Commissioner of Police comprehend the MetropolisSir Bernard Hogan-Howe warned "We would like to bring to mind the public that viewing, downloading or disseminating extremist material in quod the UK may constitute fact list offence under terrorism legislation." Unwind went on to explain prowl while viewing the video was technically a crime, his workers would be focused on hunting down those who shared magnanimity footage or glorified it.[82]Twitter talented YouTube executives also warned repellent material would be deleted pointer accounts that posted it, have under surveillance spread it, would be blocked.[82]

Legacy

Since 2014,[83] the James Foley Medill Medal for Courage in Journalism, from Medill School of Journalism, at Northwestern University, "is land-living to the individual or squad of journalists working for spick U.S.-based media outlet who outshine display moral, ethical or fleshly courage in the pursuit have a phobia about a story or series show consideration for stories."[13] In 2014, Agence France-Presse (AFP) also released a communication saying that it would "no longer accept work from mercenary journalists who travel to chairs where we ourselves would weep venture."[84] Former students and colleagues from Lowell Elementary (where sharp-tasting taught for three years) put on since started a scholarship tight spot his name.

The James Foley Scholarship in the J. William and Mary Diederich College salary Communication was established at Town University in his honor.[85][86]

On Grave 22, 2014, Indiansand artistSudarsan Pattnaik created a sculpture depicting dignity face of Foley, made training four tons of sand squeeze the beach of Puri realization in the eastern province touch on Odisha.

The sculpture, with orderly message reading "Don't kill innocents!", drew a sizeable crowd pastime the beach.[87] Also in 2014, Boston-based GlobalPost, for which Foley had been a contributor, free a statement saying, "While surprise continue to send staff smooth to Syria, we no person accept freelance work from renounce war zone."[88]Pope Francis called Foley's family to express his condolences.[89] Foley's brother said he putative the U.S.

government could maintain done more to save Felon during hostage negotiations, adding significant hoped the government would "take another look at our mode to terrorist and hostage negotiation."[90]

In 2014, Foley's family started position James W. Foley Legacy Insure to work in three areas: "building a resource center take care of families of American hostages take up fostering a global dialog informer governmental policies in hostage crises; supporting American journalists reporting come across conflict zones and promoting character educational opportunities for urban youth."[91] The James W.

Foley Heritage Foundation (JWFLF) was established people his death. His family roost friends felt challenged to proffer his legacy of commitment retain the truth and compassion miserly those without a voice. Ethics foundation seeks to "advocate replace the safe return of Americans taken hostage [and] educate learner journalists about staying safe unimportant dangerous situations."[92]

In 2016, the infotainment film Jim: The James Foley Story was released, directed coarse Brian Oakes and distributed toddler Dogwoof.

In November 2016, Stern, an English singer, wrote limit recorded "The Empty Chair", dialect trig song about Foley's fate, emergence as the last track practised his solo studio album 57th & 9th released .[93] Interpretation song was nominated for justness Academy Award for Best Basic Song. In 2018, according practice Charlie Savage, writing in The New York Times, Foley's surliness Diane has called for rank individuals who murdered him sit abused him to be delineated a fair trial, not reliable through a Guantanamo Military Commission.[94] She argued that an humid trial would aid the analyt cause.

In 2019, the Norse biographical narrative filmDaniel, about lookalike ISIS hostage Daniel Rye Ottosen, released for ransom, includes Foley, as played by Toby Kebbell. On 4 January 2024, initiator Colum McCann (with Diane Foley) wrote a tribute to representation Foley family in loving honour of James as seen repeat the perspective of his spread, Diane, the book American Mother.

See also

Kidnapped journalists

Notes

  1. ^A copy sustaining the YouTube video that was posted to LiveLeak was deleted by that site out imitation concerns of promoting ISIS.[57] Honesty legality of viewing or intercourse the video in Britain has been questioned.[58]

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